Wade (1973) and seeks to limit or eliminate the legality of abortion.ĭiscontent With Existing Conditions and Relative Deprivationįor social movements to arise, certain political, economic, or other problems must first exist that prompt people to be dissastisfied enough to begin and join a social movement. Supreme Court legalized most abortions in Roe v. The antiabortion movement is a contemporary example of a reactionary movement, as it arose after the U.S. Reform and revolutionary movements are often referred to as political movements because the changes they seek are political in nature.Īnother type of political movement is the reactionary movement, so named because it tries to block social change or to reverse social changes that have already been achieved. Revolutionary movements were common in the past and were responsible for the world’s great revolutions in Russia, China, and several other nations. These include the abolitionist movement preceding the Civil War, the women’s suffrage movement that followed the Civil War, the labor movement, the Southern civil rights movement, the Vietnam era’s antiwar movement, the contemporary women’s movement, the gay rights movement, and the environmental movement.Ī revolutionary movement goes one large step further than a reform movement in seeking to overthrow the existing government and to bring about a new one and even a new way of life. Some of the most important social movements in U.S. It does not try to overthrow the existing government but rather works to improve conditions within the existing regime. One of the most common and important types of social movements is the reform movement, which seeks limited, though still significant, changes in some aspect of a nation’s political, economic, or social systems. This typology helps us understand the differences among the many kinds of social movements that existed in the past and continue to exist today (Snow & Soule, 2009). Sociologists identify several types of social movements according to the nature and extent of the change they seek.
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